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| 1983 |
| | | Government imposition of Islamic law (sharia) triggers renewed civil war in Sudan between the Muslim north and Christian south | |
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| 1984 |
| | | A disastrous famine in the northern provinces of Ethiopia is the first to be seen all round the world on television | |
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| 1984 |
| | | The Turkana Boy, the most complete known skeleton of Homo erectus, is found near Lake Turkana by Kamoya Kimeu in Richard Leakey's team | |
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| 1985 |
| | | Milton Obote, toppled in a bloodless Uganda coup, escapes to Zambia | |
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| 1985 |
| | | Julius Nyerere, long-serving president of Tanzania, relinquishes power voluntarily | |
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| 1986 |
| | | The guerrilla leader Yoweri Museveni takes Kampala and becomes president of Uganda | |
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| 1986 |
| | | The Rwandan Patriotic Front is formed, by a group of exiles, to bring about the downfall of Habyarimana's regime in Rwanda | |
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| 1990 |
| | | An army of the Rwandan Patriotic Front crosses the border from Uganda to invade Rwanda | |
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| 1991 |
| | | As Ethiopian and Eritrean rebels approach Addis Ababa, the leader of the Dergue, Mengistu, flees the country | |
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| 1991 |
| | | The rebel Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), led by Meles Zenawi, takes control in Ethiopia | |
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